Three types of blood cells circulate in the bloodstream: erythrocytes (red blood cells) white blood cells, and platelets. When all three types of cells are checked through one test, that test is called a complete blood count or CBC. When specific information is required about the number and percentage of different white blood cell types present, a CBC with differential is requested. This test is often used to screen for specific drug side effects and to search for evidence of infection.Red blood cells help carry oxygen to tissues. When the number of red blood cells decreases, anemia results. Anemia can cause a decrease in the delivery of oxygen to tissues because there are fewer red blood cells avail: to carry oxygen. This decrease in oxygen can result in premature muscle fatigue, decreased stamina, and generalized fatigue and weakness.Anemia frequently accompanies RA, and it may contribute to the fatigue which many people with RA experience. Anemia is most often a consequence of the systemic effects of inflammation on blood, and it often improves as arthritis is treated. However, some medications (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, NSAIDs) can cause inflammation of the stomach lining and mild blood loss. In this situation, the anemia represents a side effect of medication which requires further evaluation. The tests used to diagnose and monitor anemia are the hematocrit and the hemoglobin. Occasionally, a separate test called the reticulocyte count is indicated; this test reflects the rate at which new red blood cells (called reticulocytes) are being produced.The several types of white blood cells include lymphocytes, polymorphonuclear leukocytes (“polys” or neutrophils), monocytes, basophils, and eosinophils. An important function of white cells is fighting infection; that is, in response to an infection, the body usually produces white blood cells, and a blood test would reveal a higher than normal number of them. A low white blood cell count may interfere with the body’s ability to fight infection. Thus, one side effect of any medication that causes a decrease in the number of white blood cells can be infection.Platelets perform the clotting function in blood. The platelet count is often either high or low in RA. If the platelet count is too low (thrombocytopenia), the risk of excessive or spontaneous bleeding is increased. Some medications lower the platelet count, and again, this requires investigation. High platelet counts (thrombocytosis) can occur with chronic inflammation; they generally create no particular problems.*23/209/5*
Wednesday, June 01st, 2011 | Author: admin
Category: Arthritis
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